The Treaty of Manila recognized the independent Republic of the Philippines on July 4, 1946. Though freed from formal colonialism, the nation was left to rebuild after the devastation of war with little financial support from the US.
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The Asian American Studies Center acknowledges the Gabrielino/Tongva peoples as the traditional land caretakers of Tovaangar (Los Angeles basin, So. Channel Islands) and pay our respects to the honuukvetam (ancestors), ‘ahiihirom (elders), and ‘eyoohiinkem (relatives/relations) past, present, and emerging.
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