Module 4: Challenges: Pakistani Americans and the Aftermath of 9/11
Do Pakistani Americans fit under the broad umbrella of an “Asian American” panethnic identity?
For Pakistani Americans, al-Qaeda’s 9/11 attacks and resulting intensification of the US security state has had a lasting impact. The consequences also include the rise of Islamophobia against Muslims in the US. The community experienced the fracturing of a South Asian American panethnic identity, the silencing of American Muslim voices, and the erosion of community trust. Conversely, the events of 9/11 also led to the galvanizing of new Civil Rights movements, mobilization by advocacy groups, and a deepening of solidarity. These paradoxical developments post-9/11 continue to wreak havoc and tension at the same time that community members find comfort in newly formed watch and advocacy groups.
Why did the US security state develop after 9/11?
To what extent did the American security state impact Pakistani Americans?
To what extent have Pakistani Americans experienced Islamophobia?







